Circular food production crucial for biodiver­sity

Circular food production and a shift towards more plant-based proteins offer significant opportunities to combat biodiversity loss and climate change. This approach could reduce land use and greenhouse gas emissions in Europe by two-thirds, according to research from Wageningen University & Research (WUR). Similar results are achievable on a global scale.

Enhancing biodiversity through circular systems

PhD researcher Felipe Cozim Melges studied how circular food systems can strengthen biodiversity. Using soil-friendly techniques such as no-till farming, organic fertilization, and natural buffer zones, both above- and below-ground biodiversity can be improved. Cozim Melges highlights that land sparing and land sharing are critical choices in circular systems. “Land sparing drastically reduces land use but offers fewer benefits for biodiversity. Land sharing, on the other hand, creates opportunities for biodiversity-focused agricultural practices while ensuring Europe has enough land for healthy diets,” he explains.

Protein transition reduces environmental impact

Wolfram Simon’s research demonstrated that a circular protein transition in Europe could reduce both land use and greenhouse gas emissions by approximately two-thirds. “Circular principles enable healthy diets with significantly lower environmental impact,” Simon states. While vegan diets have the most significant impact on emissions, omnivorous eating habits that meet nutritional needs are particularly effective in minimizing land use. Simon emphasizes that regional solutions tailored to socio-economic contexts are essential.

Future of the Circular Food Systems model

Simon and Cozim Melges conclude their PhD research within the Towards a circular food system project, funded by the AVINA Foundation. Both researchers aim to refine the Circular Food Systems model further under the guidance of their supervisor, Hannah van Zanten. Their focus will include integrating environmental and social indicators to better contribute to sustainable food production.

Wur.nl